Machine-tool trip



H. Tl HAZELTON.

MACHINE TOOL TRIP.

APPLICATION FILED AuG.27, 1918.

1316111611 sept. 13,1921.

SHEETS-SHEET I.

R TINENTOR L www@ ATTORNEY R. T. HAZELTON.

MACHINE TOOL TRIP.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.27, I9I.

PatentedSept. 13, 1921.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR I ,RDM T Haw/nq BY am Q0. M22@ ATTORNEY H. T. HAZELTON.

MACHINE TOUL TRIP. APPLICATION FILED mm2?, 1918.

PIPIIIIInted Sept. 13, 1921. 2

8 SHEETSSHEET 3.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY R. T1 HAZELTM MACHINE TOOL THIR APPLICATION FILED M1112?, 1918.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

INVENTOR Wm T #1121@1 www ATTORNEY H. T. HAZELTUN.

MACHINE TOOL TRIR APPLlcATloN FILED AuG.27,1918.

1,390,706. Patentedsept. 13,1921.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY H. T. HAZELTON.

MACHlNE TOOL TRIP. APPLICATION FILED,AUG.27,1918.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

Patenteds'ept. 13,1921.

H. T. HAEHUNn 8 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

HNVENTOR WM T IW BWM/Wwf@ ATTORNEY H. T. HAZELTUN,

MACHINE TOOL TRIP.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.2?, I9I8. 1,390,706. Pawlrdept. 13, 1921.

8 SHEETShSHEET 8.

INVENTOR M T. HWK@ Qwqfm ATTORNEY lil l ti

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT T. HAZELTON, CF CINCINNATI, OHIO, JQiSSIGrbTIlt TO THE CINCINNATI MILLIN- MACHINE COMPANY, OF OAKLEY, CINCINNATI, UI-i113, A. CORPORATION 0F OHIO.

MACHINE-TOL Specification or Letters Patent. Patented Sept; 13, 1921..

Application 'tiled August ttt', ltlt. Serial No. 251,599.

To uit whom it may concern:

Be it lrnovvn that I, Roemer T. Haznnron', a citizen of the United States, and residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Uhio, have invented a. new and lim-- proved Machine-Tool Trip, of which the fol lowing specilication is a full disclosure.

This invention deals with machine tools and it proposes sundry improvements imparting' thereto a greater degree of facilit 1n the manipulation and control thereo The improvements constituting this invention are especially applicable to socalled milling machines and are of advantage in enhancing the simplicity of a mechanism which inherently possesses a more or less complex organization by reason of its Wide range and universality of action.

One of the objectives of' this invention. is to render available, for machine tool requirements an automatic instrumentality affording a centralized control enabling a great diversity of cycles of operation to be readily obtained. hat is to say, in order that the highest possible efficiency may be attained in the manufacture of various articles, it is essential to use fast speeds in the travel of the cut-ter relative to the Work at all times other than those actually devoted to the cutting of the Work, when the comparatively slow feeding rate must, of course, be employed. This means that quick traverses should alternate with the feeds, and quick returns and reverses should be available, and the machine must be universal in point of adaptability to meet the great di versities of cycles demanded by the necessi ties of the different manufacturing needs.

Another object is to provide a universal control of the aforesaid nature which will be proof against any adjustment that would otherwise result in broken parts as a result of carelessness by the user in initially arranging the trips for automatic action.

Other advantages and objects will be in part indicated in the following description, and in part rendered apparent in connection with the annexed drawings.

To enable others skilled in the art so fullyV to apprehend the underlying features hereof that they may embody the same by the numerous modifications contemplated by this invention, drawings depicting a preferred typical construction have been annexed as a part of this disclosure, and in such drawings, lilre characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout; all of the views., of which:

Figure 1 is a sectional development in a plane of the gearing' and transmission elements for transmitting motion from the source of power (through a suitable feedchange mechanism) to the table, linee and saddle, respectively, whereby these elements may be moved at the slow rate required for tooling purposes. Fig. Q. is a transverse ver tical section through the ytable and the sad-- dle to show certain elements of the controi mechanism; same being talren through line E/l el of Fig. d. Fig. 3 is a plan, with certain parte brolren away., shovving-tliesouice of the duiclr rate of motion as Well as portions oil the controlling instrumentality.' Fig. t perspective of the master controller. lslipg. ti is a perspective of the serrated cam or in dent which, in the uppermost position ofthe master controller, cooperates with a pavvl or detent for retaining the master controller in any one of three angular positions. Fig. tl is a perspective of another indent which will coperate with, the pavvl in the loivermost position of the master controller toy retain it in either of tivo angular positions. Fig. 7 is a perspective of the pavvl or detent for co operating with either one or the other of the indents according to the bodily displacement of the master controller. Fig. 8 is a perspective ofthe actuator secured to and forming a part of the master controller whereby it may be moved by a hand lever into any one of its five different positions and whereby it may shift the reversing lever when the master controller is partially rotated Without effecting the reversing lever when the master controller is translated. Figs. 9, 10, and 11 are a plan, a side eleva tion, and an inverted plan, respectively, of said actuator. Fig. 12 is a plan of the re versing and stop lever and Fig. 13 is a side elevation thereof. Figs. 14, l5, 16, and 17 are diagrams showing the stop for limiting the angular movement of the master controller', showing the manner in which the master controller oscillates the reversing lever, showing the pawl and indent device for ren taining the master cont-roller in three diflier ent angular positions corresponding to the right feed, the left feed, and the stop of the table, and showing the pawl and indent for retaining the master controller in the two dil lllld different angular positions corresponding to the quick traverse to the right and left, respectively. Fig. 18 is .a perspective of the rock sleeve embodying a safety device whereby the vertical movement or translation of the master controller is transmitted to the clutch controlling the rate of movement. Fig. 18 is perspective of a bell crank lever forming part of the safety device shown in Fig. 18. Fig. 19 is a side elevation of the assembled rock sleeve. Figs. 2O and 21 are end elevations thereof. Figs. 22 and 23 are a plan and a side elevation, respectively, of the fork for operating the clutch V, together with the pin connecting it with the above mentioned rock sleeve. Fig. 24e is a front elevation showing the arrangement of the dogs on the table. Fig. 25 is a general perspective of the machine.

The control elements hereinafter to bedescribed, may be incorporated into any conventional machine tool so as to c ontrol movements of the Work or tool supporting member, as, for example, the table, saddle or knee of a universal milling machine such as herein shown.

Referring to Fig. 25, there will be seen a universal milling machine consisting of a so-called column R extending u Wardly from a suitable bed-plate r and having at its upper end a so-called overarm r which supports a rotary spindle 74 which carries a conventional milling cutter. In this type .of machine, the cutter is rotated but not translated, and the object to be machined is bolted to a so-called table which is bodily moved so as to bodily move the object and present it progressively to the action of the cutting tool. In a universal machine it may be desirable to move the object either vertically, or right and left, or in and out, and to permit this to be done, the frame of the general mechanism for supporting the object is subdivided into vthree components termed a knee, which moves vertically on the column; the saddle, which moves in and out on the knee; and a table, which moves right and left on the saddle. The knee is indicated llerT by S; the saddle by T; and the table In order to im art the necessary movements to either o these three elements, appropriate gearing extends to each and is adapted to be connected kinetically with some element deriving motion through the feed-change mechanism aforesaid.

The table U derives it-s feed motion (see Fig. 1) from the shaft 16 driven by a gear 13 meshing with another gear 12 connected through a yieldable friction-clutch 11 with a gear 10 meshing with a pinion lc keyed to the shaft K propelled by the mainpower at the desired rate of feed predetermined by the feed-change gears.

Referring to Fig. 2, this shaft is shown Lacayo@ extending parallel with the direction of movement of the saddle T on the knee S and transversely to the direction of slide of the table U to the saddle T. The shaft 1G extends through a beveled pinion 75 which 1s journaled in a portion of the frame of the saddle T so as to permit a shifting of the saddle relatively to the knee without interfering with the shaft 1G. The bevel gear 75 meshes with another bevel gear 7G whlch idles on the stub-shaft 77 but which may be mechanically connected therewith whenever it is desired to feed the table by shifting the clutch Vv into the lower position shown by Fig. 2. This causes the stubshaft 77 to rotate at the slow or feeding rate and thereby drive the bevel gear 78 and rotate the two bevel gears m and n (see Fig. 3) in opposite directions. These bevel gears m and n are sleeved around the feed-screw 79 of the table U and are normally disconnected therefrom but, by shifting the clutch W, either one or the other may be caused to rotate the feed-screw 79 either to the right or the left, as the case may be. This feedscrew engages a nut 80 ixed to the saddle T and at its ends is non-translatably journaled to the table so that, as it rotates, it w1ll cause the table to travel to the right or the left. Since the parts thus described may all receive their motion through the feed-change mechanism, it will be perceived that the table will feed at the predetermined rate and that the direction of feed may be changed very easily and quickly by merely shifting the hand lever Z.

t Clutch V, when shifted to its upper position to engage a gear o will disconnect the table from the aforesaid feed-change mechanism and will substitute a connection with a fast return transmission consisting of the gear 0, meshing with a gear having a bevel p geared to another bevel gear q (see Fig. 3) secured to a shaft s which through suitable connections (not shown) receives motion from the prime mover of the machine in any appropriate manner.

The knee may be caused to feed up or down` if desired, by shifting the clutch M (see Fig. 1) either to the right or to the left. This clutch is splined to the shaft 17 and when shifted one way, it will engage the gear 18 through the teeth 30 and drive the shaft 17 in one direction; or, when shifted to the other side, it will connect the gear 31 through the teeth 29 with the same shaft 17 and drive it in the opposite direction. The gears 18 and 31 rotate oppositely because gear 18 meshes directly with gear 14 fixed to shaft 16. whereas gear 31 receives its motion through an idler 32 meshing with gear 15, also fixed to shaft 16. Shaft 17 carries a bevel gear 33 which meshes with a bevel gear Stiixed to the shaft 35. When the clutch M is thrown out, the shaft- '35 raised and lowered; and in like manner for the recesses or indents Q1 and F1. It 1s dey sirable, however, to provide only two indents in the upper member Q and, therefore', instead of providing a recess corresponding to zero, the upper member Q is provided with a detent or peak Q in vertical alinement with the indent O of the lower member F. The lower surface of the peak or detent is beveled off so that when the controller is depressed, this bevel will cooperate with the bevel on the detent or pawl and will shift it laterally untilthe pawl coincides with the' plane of the member Q; whereupon the detent of the pawl will cause the controller A to turn leither to the right or the left to lodge the detent either in the indent Qr or Q1. It will accordingly be seen that this mechanism causes the controller A to assume either one of five different positions; three of them being provided in its upraised position and two of them being provided in its depressed position.

The master controller A is so connected with the clutches that, when in its upraised position, it may shift the direction-reversing clutch `W into any one of three different positions corresponding to movement of the table to the right, stoppage of the table, or movement of the' table to the left. This mechanism comprises a lever X pivoted to a post 40 and having a forked extremity 41 engaging the clutch W. This lever is therefore pivoted so as to oscillate in a horizontal plane and its other extremity is bifurcated as indicated by a: so as accurately to embrace, without backlash, a cam e eccentrically located on the actuator E. Therefore, when the master controller A is in its elevated position, the clutch-shifting lever X will occupy definitely any one of three different positions corresponding to the angular movement of the master controller and, as there is no backlash between the forked end and the eccentric cam e, there must be an absolute correspondence in positions. When the master controller A is in its depressed position, however, it is necessary to provide considerable backlash in order that the action of the dogs (to be hereinafter described) may be certain. That is to say, it is necessary that the master controller, under the action of the dogs, shall not pause for any appreciable length of time in passing over the neutral or zero point. Otherwise, the table would not properly execute its reverse when being driven at a fast rate. That is to say, when the master controller A is in its lowermost position, the table will travel at a fast rate and the direction of movement (while at this rate) may be reversed by partially rotating the master controller through a contact with a properly constructed dog. f it was rotated slowly, it is evident that it would take some time in passing through the zero point and, consequently, the table would cease to be propelled and the dog carried thereby would cease to advance far enough to throw the master controller into its reverse position. Therefore, it is desirable, under these conditions, that the master controller should be capable of moving for a considerable distance without affecting the reverse lever X and this is provided for by means of the other cam e', also eccentrically located with respect to the axis of the master controller and so constructed that its limits of movement coincide with the limits of movement of the first mentioned cam e, but differing therefrom by reason of providing considerable backlash as appears plainly from the diagrams shown by Figs. 14 to 17, inclusive.

To enable the master controller A to be manually actuated, a hand lever Z has a ball-and-socket mounting a on the saddle and it terminates in a globular extension a which enters a cylindrical aperture E in the side of the actuator E. This actuator also preferably provides two shoulders E2 and E3 coperating with a pin 42, thereby providing steps for definitely limiting the angular movement of the master controller A. The master controller is also provided with certain cam surfaces whereby it may be operated through dog action, as will be subsequently described.

The connection between the clutch Z and the master controller comprises a. safety rock sleeve H, a plunger li actuated thereby, and the clutch lever J actuated by the plunger. The clutch lever J is pivoted to swing about a horizontal axis 43 and provides a fork for moving the clutch and, at its other end, is provided with a small bifurcation between the arms of which slightly project two pins j which enter the slot i in the plunger I which moves vertically through suitable recesses in the saddle and is restrained against rotation by means of a keyway 44. At its upper end, the plunger li is provided with a transverse slot l which receives the extermity H of the two-part safety sleeve H so that, as this sleeve rocks about its axis 45, the plunger must be raised and lowered and the clutch V shifted from the slow rate to the fast rate by means of the clutch lever J. The safety sleeve is actuated by a second sleeve N through a device that permits yield in one direction. This device ais in the nature of a bell-crank lever pivoted to a post il" extending from the safety sleeve H. and having a contact arm z. adapted to bear against an adjustable abutment l-l provided by the safety sleeve H. A contractile spring 1G is secured at one end to a post H4 extending from the safety sleeve and.l at its other end. to an arm 7a2 extending from the part 71,. This spring, as will be seen, normally maintains the part moving said clutch into the position yielding a high rate of movement.

2. A machine tool combining propelling mechanism; a rate-changing clutch; a direction-changing clutch; a master controller adapted either to be rotated or shifted axially; a positive-acting connection between said controller and the direction-ehanging clutch whereby rotations of said controller will actuate said clutch; and a connection enabling an axial shift of said controller to actuate said rate-changing clutch, said connection being impositive when moved to increase the rate, and being positive when moved to decrease the rate.

3. A machine tool combining propelling mechanism; two clutches controlling said mechanism; a master controller; a lever directly connected at its opposite ends to one of said clutches and to said master control- 1er and arranged to be actuated by rotations of the latter; a second lever having a tongue and slot connection with said master controller so as to be actuated by an axial shift; and means enabling said second lever to operate the other clutch.

4. A machine tool combining propelling mechanism; two clutches for controlling it; a master controller providing two cams; a lever for operating one of said clutches arranged to be brought into operative relation with one or the other of said cams by axially shifting said master controller; and means for enabling said master controller, when rotated, to actuate the other clutch.

5. A control mechanism for machine tools combining a table mounted for movement in reverse directions and providing upper and lower mountings for tripping dogs; a first assortment of dogs arranged adjustably in the upper mounting; a second assortment of dogs adjustably arranged in the lower mounting; a master controller provided with a vane for partially turning it when contacting with certain of said dogs, and also having upper and lower projections whereby said controller may be raised and lowered by the action of the dogs in the upper and lower mountings; and table propelling mechanism controlled by said master controller. l

6. A machine tool combining a table; a master controller, providing a fin extending in opposite directions from its axis; dogs adjustably carried by said table adapted to Contact said tin and rock said controller about its vertical axis; propelling mechanism for said table; and means for reversing said mechanism when said master controller is rocked about its vertical axis.

7. A machine tool combining a table; a master controller adapted to roclr about a vertical axis and adapted also to be moved bodily in the direction of said axis, said master controller being provided with oppositely extending wings; a hand lever having a ball and socket connection with said controller to either elevate or rock it; dogs carried by said table and constructed to con tact with said wings to rock said controller irrespective of the vertical shifting of said master controller; and propelling mechanism for said table adapted to be reversed when said master controller is rocked.

8. A machine tool combining a table; a master controller roviding upper and lower oppositely exten ing wedge-shaped projections; dogs adjustably arranged on said table for cooperating with said projections to shift said master controller bodily in a vertical direction; propelling mechanism for said table; and means for changing the rate of propulsion in accordance with the bodily shifting of said master controller.

9. A machine tool combining a table; a master controller providing upper and lower oppositely extending projections and also providing an elongated fin arranged radially to its axis; dogs for moving said master controller vertically by contacting said projections; dogs for swinging said master controller by contacting said iin; propelling mechanism for said table; and means for enabling said master controller b its vertical and swinging movements to cliange either the rate or the direction of movement of said propelling mechanism.

10. A machine tool combining a table; a master controller presenting contact surfaces arranged radially to its axis; dogs movable with said table for impacting said surfaces and swinging said master controller, said master controller also presenting contact surfacesvinclined with respect to its axis; dogs for elevating or lowering said master controller by contacting said inclinedsurfaces; and table propelling mechanism controlled by said master controller.

ll. A machine tool combining a table; a master controller presenting a radial contacting surface; a dog carried by said table for swinging said master controller` said controller also having a wedge-shaped projection extending oppositely to said radial surface; another dog adapted to contact said projection to vertically move said master controller when said projection has been brought into its path by the action of the first dog; and table propelling means controlled by said master controller.

12. A machine tool combining a table; a master controller presenting upper and lower oppositely extending beveled projections and an intermediate radially extending contact surface; an upper series of dogs carried by said table for raising and lonf'ering said master controller; a lower series of dogs for similarly affecting said master controller through contact with its lower projection; and other dogs adapted to more said master come inoperative if the rotations of said clutch are unduly opposed by the traverse of the table.

ln witness whereof I hereunto subscribe 15 my name, as attested by the two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT T. HAZELTON.

Witnesses:

SOL EINSTEIN, H. T. WILLIAMS. 

